History Of Languages In India
The northern Indian languages from the Calestini family evolved from Old Indo-Aryan such as Sanskrit, by way of the Middle Indo-Aryan Prakrit languages and the Apabhramsha of the Middle Ages. There is no consensus on the specific time when the modern north Indian languages such as Hindi, Marathi, Punjabi, and Bengali emerged, but 1000 C.E. is commonly accepted. The development of each language was influenced by social and political contact with foreign invaders and speakers of the other languages Hindi/Urdu and closely related languages were strongly influenced by Persian and Arabic.
The South Indian languages had a history independent of Sanskrit. The origins of the Dravidian languages, as well as their subsequent development and the period of their differentiation, are unclear, and adequate comparative linguistic research into the Dravidian languages is lacking. Inconclusive attempts have also been made to link the family with the Japonic languages, Basque, Korean, Sumerian, the Australian Aboriginal languages and the unknown language of the Indus valley civilization. However, in later stages, all the Dravidian languages were heavily influenced by Sanskrit. The major Dravidian languages are Telugu, Tamil, Kannada and Malayalam.
Adopted January 26 1950
Article 29 Protection of interests of minorities
Any section of the citizens residing in the territory of India or any part thereof having a distinct language, script or culture of its own shall have the right to conserve the same.
No citizen shall be denied admission into any educational institution maintained by the State or receiving aid out of State funds on grounds only of religion, race, caste, language or any of them.
Article 30 Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions
All minorities, whether based on religion or language, shall have the right to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice.
In making any law providing for the compulsory acquisition of any property of an educational institution established and administered by a minority, referred to in clause , the State shall ensure that the amount fixed by or determined under such law for the acquisition of such property is such as would not restrict or abrogate the right guaranteed under that clause.
The State shall not, in granting aid to educational institutions, discriminate against any educational institution on the ground that it is under the management of a minority, whether based on religion or language.
Article 120 Language to be used in Parliament
Notwithstanding anything in Part XVII, but subject to the provisions of article 348 business in Parliament shall be transacted in Hindi or in English:
Article 120 Language to be used in Parliament
National Language Of India
India is a diverse country with diverse cultures in every part of the country. It is a union of 28 states and 8 Union Territories where each state represents its own cultural heritage with its own dialect. According to the eighth schedule of the Indian constitution, there are a total of 22 scheduled languages that are widely spoken in different states. As there are so many languages spoken in the country, it was difficult to determine the National language of India. So what is the national language of India? Which language is the official language of India? Know about the National language in detail.
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Lingual Divide Between The North And South
In the 1960s, the Indian government tried to pass a law that would make Hindi the official language of India, but this received major backlash by Indians from regions in South India where people speak languages from the Dravidian family.
The Dravidian languages such as Tamil and Kannada are actually the indigenous languages of ancient India and hold a lot of culture and heritage for those who speak it.
Although Hindi will get you by in most of India, speaking Hindi in southern India especially in the states of Tamil Nadu and Karnataka can be seen as insulting.
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When Hindi Become The National Language Of India
In 1965, Hindi has declared the national language of India. Hindi is spoken by the majority of people in India, but there are 22 other official languages as well. The list of other national languages of India includes Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, and Urdu. There is no one answer to whether or not India has a national language. While Hindi is the most widely spoken language, many others are also official languages. The English language is also used in various regions of India and there is a large percentage of the Indian population that speaks English. It all depends on what region youre from and which area you visit when it comes to understanding which languages are official for the region youre visiting.
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T3 Is The Next Big Web Stack Youve Never Heard Of
Additionally, the team is also developing the Neural Radiance Fields networks by treating the output vectors from the Occupancy Network as inputs for NeRF. Using images from the cameras on the vehicles, NeRF can 3D reconstruct dense meshes using volumetric rendering.
The network is trained with a Large Auto-Labelled Dataset without any human interaction. The team built three in-house supercomputers comprising 14,000 GPUs for training and auto-labelling. The training videos are stored in 30 petabytes of storage cache, with half a million videos flowing in and out of the system daily.
Top 10 Most Popular Indian Languages
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Looking to target the Indian market? Have you actually thought about which Indian languages youll need to capture the right audience? There are over 20 Indian languages, each spoken in different regions of the country. In order to make the decision easier for you, weve picked out the top 10 most popular Indian languages so you can translate and localize your content accurately.
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The Different Languages Of India
The languages spoken in India have ancient roots and belong to two major languages families. The majority of Indian languages belong to the Indo-Aryan family which is derived from Sanskrit and influenced strongly by Persian and Arabic. Most of North India speaks Indo-Aryan languages such as Hindi, Punjabi, and Bengali.
In southern India, most languages are from the Dravidian language family. This language family includes languages such as Tamil and Malayalam. The Dravidian languages are completely different from the Indo-Aryan languages spoken in the rest of the country.
Within these two language groups, there are many different languages and dialects. Below we will explain some of the most widely spoken Indian languages.
What Is Indias Official Language
According the constitution of India, there are 2 official languages at the national level: Hindi and English. English is one of the official languages because India used to be a British colony until 1947. Hindi is the non-colonial language spoken in India by the most people.
In addition to the two official languages at the national level, the national government also recognizes 22 languages as scheduled languages. That basically means that those are the languages that the government recognizes for official use in each individual state in India. Different states can choose their own official languages that they use for state business.
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What Language Is Spoken In India Throughout The Country
Asia is not only the largest, but also the most populous continent in the world. It is very difficult to tell what language is spoken in India because there is a lot of them. Just imagine how many languages would more than 1.3 billion people speak considering large territory, various socio-historical as well as political processes? It is unlikely that such a population could have ever spoken just one lingo, so that there are 447 various native tongues and not one national main language in India. Even the best translation services online would not be able to cover this many options alone, but translation specialists could master the most widespread official lingos with ease.India has only two official languages which include Hindi and English. The former belongs to 22 lingos that possess state-level importance as well as constitutional recognition. What language do people from India speak depends on the region. Some of them represent so many native speakers that a good translation specialist with relevant specialization will always find enough work and grateful clients.
What Is The Language To Be Used In Parliament And Judiciary
- Article 120– Business in Parliament shall be transacted in Hindi or in English
- However, the presiding officer may permit any member who cannot adequately express himself in Hindi or in English to address the House in his mother-tongue.
- Article 348- It talks about the language to be used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills.
- Until Parliament by law otherwise provides, all proceedings in the Supreme Court and High Court, authoritative texts, Bills, acts, amendments, ordinances, orders, rules, regulations and by-laws issued under this Constitution shall be in English.
- However, the Governor may, with the previous consent of the President, authorise the use of the Hindi or any other language used for any official purposes of the State, in proceedings in the High Court having its principal seat in that State.
- For States that has prescribed any language other than English for use in Bills, Acts, Ordinances, order, rule, regulation or by-law, a translation of the same in English has to be accompanied.
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The National Language Of India
Article 343 of the Indian Constitution states that Hindi written in Devanagari will be the official language of the Union. The international version of Indian numerals shall be utilized for all official purposes of the Union.
Only Hindi or English is allowed for official business in the Indian parliament and government buildings. In the entire nation, English may be used for official purposes, including legislative proceedings, correspondence between the Central Government and a State Government, and legal processes.
- In accordance with Article 343, the Central Government only communicates with the states in the Hindi Belt in Hindi.
- When interacting with the states, English is to be used as an Associate Official Language.
What Are The Special Directives Provided In The Constitution Regarding Languages
- Article 350– It talks about the language to be used in representations for redress of grievances.
- Grievance to any officer/ authority of the Union or a State can be redressed in any of the languages used in the Union or in the State.
- Article 350A– It facilities for instruction in mother-tongue at primary stage.
- It shall be the endeavour of every State and local authority to provide adequate facilities for instruction in mother-tongue at the primary stage of education to children belonging to linguistic minority groups.
- The President may issue such directions to any State as he considers necessary or proper for securing the provision of such facilities.
- Article 350B– It talks about Special Officer for linguistic minorities.
- A Special Officer for linguistic minorities has to be appointed by the President to investigate all matters relating to the safeguards provided for linguistic minorities and report to the President.
- Article 351– It provides for the directive for development of the Hindi language.
- It shall be the duty of the Union to promote the spread of Hindi as a medium of expression for all the elements of the composite culture of India.
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What Is The National Language Of India As Per The Constitution
The national language of India is not Hindi, as per the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution. This list includes 22 languages that have been given official status. 22 languages of India and their states are recognized in the national language of India as per the constitution. There are a total of 121 languages spoken in India that are recognized by the Constitution. The Constitution does not recognize any language as the national language of India. However, many people believe that Hindi should be made the national language. Some also say that English should be made an official language as it is one of the few global languages today.
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Which Languages Are Spoken In India
Illustration by Zemir Bermeo.
The first thing you need to know about Indias linguistic landscape is that its impossible to speak about an Indian language as if there were only one. Did you know that if two unknown Indians met randomly on the street, there would only be a 36% chance that they would understand each other? Of course, that 36% depends a lot on their ethnicity and place of origin.
For years, classifying the languages spoken in India has been a very complicated task since experts have to differentiate between dialects and mother tongues that share many similarities. This isnt exactly surprising considering that:
- India is the seventh largest country in the world
- Over 1.3 billion people live in India
- The distance between northern India and southern India is similar to the distance between Canada and Mexico
A census conducted in 2011 showed that India has about 19,569 languages and dialects, of which almost 1,369 are considered dialects and only 121 are recognized as languages . The languages spoken in India belong mainly to two big linguistic families: the Indo-European and the Dravidian others come mainly from the Austro-Asian and Tibetan-Burman linguistic families.
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Karwa Chauth 202: As Indian Married Women Gear Up To Celebrate The Auspicious Occasion Let Us Find Out The Reason Behind The Celebration
HAPPY KARVA CHAUTH 2022: Karwa Chauth is a significant festival for Hindu women in India and is celebrated widely across north Indian states like Delhi, Haryana, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Punjab. This year, it is being celebrated today on Thursday, October 13. Women adorn themselves in new clothes and solah shringar and perform Karwa Chauth puja for a happy and blissful marriage. On this day, women observe a day-long nirjala fast, which means they avoid consuming water or food between sunrise and sunset on this day.
As Indian married women gear up to celebrate the auspicious occasion, let us find out the reason behind the celebration of Karwa Chauth:
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There Are 121 Languages Which Are Spoken By 10000 Or More People In India Which Has A Population Of 121 Crore The Report Said
More than 19,500 languages or dialects are spoken in India as mother tongues, according to the latest analysis of a census released this week.
There are 121 languages which are spoken by 10,000 or more people in India, which has a population of 121 crore, it said.
The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India, said since a household may consist of persons related by blood or of unrelated persons or a mix of both, it is absolutely necessary to ask every person about her or his mother tongue.
It was required because the mother tongue of each member of a household need not necessarily be the same these may be different for different members in the household.
The number of such raw returns of mother tongues has totalled 19,569, the report of the 2011 census said. However, 96.71 per cent population in the country have one of the 22 scheduled languages as their mother tongue.
Since mother tongues, as returned in the census, are basically the designations provided by the respondents of the linguistic mediums in which the respondents think they communicate, they need not be identical with the actual linguistic mediums, it said.
For assessing the correlation between the mother tongue and designations of the census and for presenting the numerous raw returns in terms of their linguistic affiliation to actual languages and dialects, 19,569 raw returns were subjected to thorough linguistic scrutiny, edit and rationalisation.
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English Language In India
The co-official language of the country, as recognized by the Constitution English, plays a special role in India. English was introduced to the country in colonial times. Today, it is the language of government, media, science, technology and education. It is the language of prestige and the elite and guarantees societal advancement for the average Indian.
Over 125 million people in India speak English, which makes it the second most widely spoken language in the country after Hindi. In practice, the English language promises white-collar job opportunities for Indians. English is the link language in a country where citizens speak hundreds of different languages.For cultural and linguistic reasons, Indian English differs drastically from SSBE . Many observers call this dialect Hinglish.
What Is The Official Language In India
There are two official languages of India. They are English , as well as Hindi.
Hindi stands out as the traditional historical language of India, which is spoken by about 45% of the countrys inhabitants. These are native speakers.
You can experience the happiness of hearing the pure form of the Hindi language only in the northern part of the state. In general, Hindi is not a separate language, but a collection of languages.
What to say about English? Due to their colonial past, which lasted until 1947, Hindus actively communicate in English.
Especially those residents of the country who live in Bangalore .
In addition to the official languages, more than 2,000 different dialects are widespread in the territory of modern India. For example, in Bombay , they speak two languages. The thing is that the state is divided into two regions Maharashtra and Gujarat .
Lets look at the numbers:
In just ten states and three union territories of India, Hindi serves as the official language.
Only seven states and five union territories of India have English as the official language of the region.
On the territory of French India, in Pondicherry, which was the French occupier, the inhabitants speak mainly in the French dialect.
In addition to the fact that Hindi, English and French are spoken in India.
The fact is that India is connected with USA by great friendship and cooperation within the framework of political groups.
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